Simulations of the Atlantic Ocean with a free surface sigma coordinate ocean model

A Mathematical Model for Indian Ocean Circulation in Spherical Coordinate

In recent years, the Indian Ocean (IO) has been discovered to have a much larger impact on climate variability than previously thought. This paper reviews processes in which the IO is, or appears to be, actively involved. We begin the mathematical model with a pattern for summer monsoon winds. Three dimensional temperature and velocity fields are calculated analytically for the ocean forced by ...

Global Ocean Simulations with an Isopycnic Coordinate Model

Hydrostatic correction for sigma coordinate ocean models

[1] How to reduce the horizontal pressure gradient error is a key issue in terrain-following coastal models. The horizontal pressure gradient splits into two parts, and incomplete cancellation of the truncation errors of those parts cause the error. Use of the finite volume discretization leads to a conserved scheme for pressure gradient computation that has better truncation properties with hi...

North Atlantic surface-ocean control of Pleistocene deep-ocean circulation

Deep basins of the North Atlantic were occupied by a cold 13 C-depleted (nutrient-rich) water mass during glaciations, and a warmer 13C-enriched (nutrient-poor) water mass (modern NADW) during interglaciations. This mode of deep-water variability is related directly to migration of the North Atlantic Polar Front. Down-core stable isotope records from the Atlantic and Antarctic suggest that 13C ...

Sixth-Order Difference Scheme for Sigma Coordinate Ocean Models

How to reduce the horizontal pressure gradient error is a key issue of using s-coordinate ocean models, especially of using primitive equation models for coastal regions. The error is caused by the splitting of the horizontal pressure gradient term into two parts and the subsequent incomplete cancellation of the truncation errors of those parts. Due to the fact that the higher the order of the ...